The assimilation and development of various technological disciplines and the corresponding heritage legacy is a main concern in this volume. The introductory essay deal with topics as “know-how and knowledge: technology and engineering sciences”, were the precedence of the steam engine over the thermodynamics or the construction with iron over the numerical and graphical techniques of structural analysis are pointed out. The first seven out of its sixteen chapters are devoted to the basic languages of technology: langue, here Spanish; drawing (styles in: cartography, architecture and civil engineering, and machines); mathematics as an indicator in the compromise between theory and practice, and the materials taught both for military and civil professions related to engineering. Moreover, there is a chapter devoted to the difficult introduction of the metric system in Spain. The second part (nine chapters) is devoted to different technical and scientific developments, which in turn can be seen as structured into three blocks. The first comprises five chapters centered in applied mechanics, ranging from the mechanics of continuous mediums, up to the theory of machines and combustion engines. This part includes contributions devoted to the design of structures built with iron or steel, and a panorama of Spanish bridges. Although from very different perspectives, the second block considers two substantive branches of physics that become mature during the Nineteenth century: thermodynamics and electricity. Finally, the third block deals with the industrial landscape, more properly with the factories, and the design of the new bourgeois city. Factories and bourgeois cities will share emerging concerns (mobility, safety, hygiene, etc.), reaching very different degrees of development. The volume also contains an annex dedicated to a unique and interesting album of drawings of machines presented by the Escuela de Ingenieros Industriales de Barcelona at the World Exhibition in Vienna (1873). Written by 23 co-authors, it is a lavishly illustrated volume.

Contents (in Spanish):

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This book sets the questions of energy and the environment in the North in the global context and further addresses historical developments, views on energy taxation and tariffs, and effects of EU energy policy. Climate change appears more frequently than ever on the top of global and national policy agendas. In the current situation traditional environmental concern and environmental policy may not suffice in the face of the global challenge as manifested by climate change and the depletion of fossil energy resources. But as new data comes to light, new energy policies and changes in economic structures are crucial for putting into action global climate policy. Crucial tasks in environmental policy are the sustainable utilisation of natural resources and the conservation of natural and human-made habitats. One of the areas of the world where this comes into play the most is in the Nordic countries. Northern societies are predominantly high tech, high consumption and high energy supply societies. And with the transition from older energy sources (wood for heating and stream water for power production) to newer ones (oil and nuclear energy) discussions on the environmental impact have led to public and corporate action. The Northern countries have been at the forefront in finding sustainable alternatives to solve conflicts arising from the rise in energy needs. However, these countries have taken different pathways with different policies in attempting to achieve this. As the needs and concerns from climate change arise, a Northern dimension, involving policies that contrast to European and global trends, emerges. Energy, Policy, and the Environment: Modeling Sustainable Development for the North explores that dimension.

Part I Energy, Policy and the Environment in the North

1
Introduction: Energy, Policy and the Environment:
Modeling Sustainable Development for the North by Marja Järvelä and Sirkku Juhola
2
Climate Change and Energy Issues in the North by Marja Järvelä, Sirkku Juhola, and Margareta Wihersaari
3
Farewell to Self-sufficiency: Finland and the Globalization
of Fossil Fuels by Timo Myllyntaus
4
Trends in EU Energy Policy 1995–2007 by Susanna Horn and Angelina Korsunova
5
The Legacy of the Oil Industry in Tomsk Oblast:
Contradictions Among Socio-Economic Development,
Political Legitimacy and Corporate Profits by David Dusseault

Part II Challenges of National Energy Policy and the Environment

6
Innovative Democracy and Renewable Energy Strategies:
A Full-Scale Experiment in Denmark 1976–2010 by Frede Hvelplund
7
Disregarding Wind Power: Introduction to Finnish
Feed-in Tariff Policy by Miikka Salo
8
Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in
Swedish Forests: Promoting Forestry, Capturing Carbon,
and Fueling Transports by E. Carina H. Keskitalo, Jenny Eklöf, and Christer Nordlund

Part III Modeling Local Sustainable Development for the North

9
Energy Policy or Forest Policy or Rural Policy? Transition
from Fossil to Bioenergy in Finnish Local Heating Systems by Taru Peltola
10
Bioenergy Production and Social Sustainability
on Finnish Farms by Suvi Huttunen
11
Energy Sustainability: The Role of Small Local Communities by Pia Laborgne

The historical and cultural aspects of the Cold War have been much studied, yet its physical manifestations - its buildings and structures - have remained largely unknown. To the great landscape historian W G Hoskins writing in the 1950s they were profoundly alien : 'England of the ...electric fence, of the high barded wire around some devilment... Barbaric England of the scientists, the military men, and the politicians.' Now these survivors of the Cold War are, in their turn, disappearing fast, like medieval monasteries and bastioned forts before them - only with more limited scope for regeneration and reuse. this book looks at these monuments of the Cold War. It is heavily illustrated with photographs of the sites as they survive today, archive photographs (many previously unpublished), modern and historic air photographs, site and building plans, and specially commissioned reconstruction drawings. It also looks at the installations within the military and political context of what was one of the defining phenomena of the late late 20th century.